ABSTRACT
Aim: Since the impact of H. pylori and its virulence is not clear in GERD, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of cag A and cag E gens of H. pylori among Iranian GERD patients
Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease [GERD] is defined as a condition of reflux the stomach juice by low pH causes tissue damage. Helicobacter pylori may or may not influence the GERD; however, it is unclear
Methods: This study was a case-control study performed on patients with GERD who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at Taleghani Hospital of Tehran, Iran. Prevalence of H. pylori and presence of the cag A and cag E genes in GERD and control group was investigated
Results: H. pylori was detected in 54% and 62% of GERD and control groups respectively. Prevalence of cag A gene among GERD patients was 44.4% whereas among the control group it was 87%. Prevalence of the cag E among GERD patients and control group was 44.4% and 64% respectively. Coexistence of cag A and cag E in GERD patients was 25.7% and in the control patients it was 54.8%
Conclusion: We did not find correlation between H. pylori existence in GERD patients in comparison to the control group. Similar to other Asian studies, the presence of the cag A in control group was more than GERD patients significantly. The co-existence of cag A and cag E was also more in control group significantly
ABSTRACT
Conjugated linoleic acid [CLA] has been shown to positively influence calcium and bone metabolism in experimental animals and cell culture, but there are limited human data available. The study consisted of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in which 76 healthy post-menopausal women [aged 55.1] were randomly assigned to receive daily either four capsules CLA G80 containing 3.2 g isomer blend [50:50% cis-9, trans-11: trans-10, cis-12 isomers] or four capsules containing high oleic sunflower oil as placebo for 12 weeks. Urine and blood samples were collected at weeks 0 and 12 and were analyzed for biomarkers of calcium and bone metabolism and inflammatory markers [TNF-alpha and IL-6]. Subjects completed 3-days dietary records during the trial, in weeks 0 [baseline], 6 and 12. Supplementation with 3.2 g CLA isomer blend [50:50% cis-9,trans-l l:trans-10,cis-12 isomers] for 12 weeks had no significant effects on markers of bone formation [serum osteocalcin, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase] or bone resorption [urine C-telopeptide-related fraction of type 1 collagen degradation products], PTH, urinary calcium, urinary creatinine and CTP to creatinine ratio. And serum interIeukine-6 did not change significantly over 12 weeks in postmenopausal women. Under the conditions tested in this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in postmenopausal women, 3.2 g CLA isomer blend [50:50% cis-9, trans-11: trans-10, cis-12 isomers] did not affect markers of bone metabolism and calcium